Tracking & Measuring Crime

In Chapter 3 of our text we learn how more or less the divergent pricks to track abhorrence, barbarous behaviors, measure offense, and abuse rate. dissertate and define the antithetic types of measuring tools substance abused such as the UCR, internal Incident- set upd enunciateing, victim surveys, and ego-report survey. Discuss both(prenominal) the positives and prohibit of each(prenominal) of the methods used to measure crime. and so reply to at least two peer posts. 1. Discuss and define the diverse types of measuring tools used such as the UCR.The Uniformed aversion base (UCR) This is a report used by the Federal Bureau of Investigations this report aids the FBI by giving them an indication as to criminal activities her in the get together States. The FBI collects its entropy of information from all the constabulary Enforcement Agencies here in the USA. Upon receiving all the current employment throughout the USA, the FBI is able to generate with about b onk accuracy as to the type of crime, as swell up as what, when, where, and why a type of incident whitethorn occur. The (UCR) is based on three parts. (a) The undefiled play of people arrested. b) The deed of hatreds reported by Victims, witnesses, or the police themselves. (c) The moment of practice of law Enforcement Officers. Upon the FBI receiving all the required entropy, the data is then compiles the information and it is then presented in two important ship authority 1a. I check read that in according to our learning material, variance book. (Criminal Justice in Action). By, Larry K. Gaines, & Roger Leroy Miller if you look mainstay at the year 2010, it was composed of people totaling 100,000 individual, the Crime rate was reported to be 3,346 reports over all in the United States.These reports were considered Part I class offences, as these types of criminal activity be the more near type crimes oneness arsehole commit, as they range from Murder, Bank Robber y, racy Rape, Aggravated Battery, Robbery, B&E, Larceny / larceny, Auto stealing, and point Arson (Fire) non naturally caused, caused by mankind. 1b. Now at that place is as well Part II Offenses which consist of all other criminal activity from Loitering all the office to Vagrancy and any other laws that go against one State, County, or Municipal urban center level.These types of crimes happen often and because of their commonality with perpetuallyy day Society the component part usually go forth usually out way Part I Criminal Offenses. 1C. I sincerely believe that this governing body was a swell way to pinpoint criminal activity for this period of time, when send-off fit(p) into effect this was an exceptional system for the Law Enforcement Agencies to be able to admit common sense criminal activity, whereas a prediction of what type of crime may occur.Now one must realize that this tool was only effective as the Officers who filed reports willingly and timely, as crime rate would rise account would dwindle. This could be due(p) to pride, as each mode and the officer that belonged to its organization. The umpteen Local Law Enforcement Agencies frowned upon the interference of the FBI creating geological faults in the unquestionable function of participating crime in any given period of time. This was not an error in the Tool reporting, but Human error over green-eyed monster between Local, State, and County Law Officials against Federal direction involvement 2.Discuss and define the National Incident-Based reporting System. The (NIBRS) has stay on up into play because the (UCR) was with flaw. The FBI and several State Law Enforcement agencies ar currently operating under the National Incident Based Reporting System as it was introduced since the 1980s. The (NIBRS) was found to be a more fruitful way in pinpointing Criminal Activity. It was required that each Local Law Enforcement Agency were to call in all Criminal Activity inside twenty-two different offences categories.The (NIBRS) is made up of forty-six specific crimes classified as Group Offenses, all these offenses be recorded on a com ordinateerized record system on a daily basis which is appropriated though not fully financed by the Federal government. The (NIBS) was introduced to the local agencies in 1989 and has bear twenty-two years to reach 36 States, allowing on average of up to 40% of all agencies within those States to utilize the new system. Thought the system is limited, criminologists pass on acted out enthusiastically because how the new system lowlife propose information.The system provides about for data sets that include Offenses, Victims, Offenders, and daily arrestees. This newer system has rightfully outweighed the Uniformed Crime Report, aka (UCR). 3. The NIBRS is a new methodology for the Uniform Crime Report. It is stronger than the UCR because it collects more detailed information about the crimes. One of the stren gth is the written text of relationships between the victim and offender, another is the use of 22 categories of crime, and another is the item that multiple crimes can be reported in one incident. http//wiki. responses. om/Q/Strengths_of_NIBRS (Bing. com calculate Web Link). 4. Discuss and define the victim surveys. The victim survey is unsloped what it says. The survey was performed by our own government in order to encounter out who and how legion(predicate) individuals suffered by becoming a victim of a crime. These victims who responded were innocent of crime, as the criminal act was against them by the afford of another. The actual definition of Victim Survey is A method in which group information which requires a participant that is anyone willing to open up to Government Law Enforcement whether it be Local or Federal.Participants participants must be willing to reveal in detail any incidents of a criminal activity brought against them or any criminal act they may h ave commit. I truly believe that if given the opportunity to obtain safe, many individuals would come through in order to clean up their community and keep the rest of society thankful. It is truly sad, however I believe that less(prenominal) if not any would want to either testify against another anymore. Since 1989, many have come to fear repercussion for opening up to the Law unless they truly feel safe guarded by the chances of being trim down to ash. 5.Discuss and define the self-reported survey. The principles are nearly the same, however it only focuses on offenders. Offenders are individuals who have committed crimes and never were arrested, nor even cited for the crime they have committed in the past. I truly find this to be an informative way to create better laws within a society it is want we use to say in the nautical Corps, Its to keep an honest person honest. I believe that if in the in good order situation and at the right time a survey should conducted agai n just to see what crimes even though they me be petty ones are being conducted by the populous.I also believe that there unintentional crime that all person may be guilty of a good example of a clear petty crime that many never catch onto is the taken of a Government ink pen that was purchased with government funds. I was guilty of this numerous times as I would remove the pen from my desk off the base without any knowledge until I was already off the base in route to home. 6. Well, I want to state that there are many positive agentive roles when you come right down to it. I believe that both the (UCR), as well as the (NIBRS) re very useful because it truly provides a better means to track crime and one can use this information to create a better means in reducing crime, All it takes is for each officer to make sure that their reports are finished and that everyone that has been detained is pose into the report process. Crime is always going to pull through and if tracking eac h Part one Offense is quickly placed into the system an accurate report can be generated. Now, no social occasion is ever flawless and there are many factors that bring out the minus perspective in the failure of these two systems.One each agency needs to dole out and at time sharing information between each agency is handle telling a deaf dog to fetch. What I am stating is that if an agency is not willing to open up and share information then there will be definite negative accountability in the accuracy in the percentages of these tools they use to generate the percentage of crime. I also believe that novels agencies also report thing wrong more often than none, only because of inaccurate reporting due to human error.All Law Enforcement Agencies no matter if they are State or Federal, as each agency needs to operate as a team. Each Division when compiling data and criminal trends. Need to rebound and show exactly whether they are Part I, or Part II Offenses. I also believe t hat as a society we should be given surveys to be answered every eight to ten years resembling that of the cosmos Census Report. I honestly believe that if this were a tool used often we could narrow down crime and fight cover song to win over a Nation at odds with issues of Law.As I have mentioned earlier, many will willingly open up to self surveys as long as no repercussion is given to the ones who answer honestly. Many feel fear when it comes to reporting crime and this is another factor in misrepresentation of percentage of actual crime committed. 7. Lets take a look at what has been recently placed on world news by Good Morning America about the FBI investigation that has been taking place here in Albuquerque, NM for the first two weeks in March, 2013 an Officer is on trial for the wrongful crack Death of a Marine Corps Veteran.Now if the individuals noetic health status had been placed into a shared system I honestly believe the Officer would not have shot this Marine wh o had suffered with PTSD and had done Crack Cocaine and was apprehended several months ago. I bet this was a Part I level offense, however on the line this was never reported properly and when these two had their confrontation well a sadden event had already occurred. This is the flaw that I mentioned and latterly well after 911 all the agencies have started to revert back to their senile habits and that keeping one another in the Dark.I honestly find situations like this when listening on a police scanner. It is as if one hand is not aware of the other. Uniform Crime Reports and Index of Crime in Albuquerque in the State of New Mexico enforced by Albuquerque from 1985 to 2005 Number of convulsive Crimes Reported by Albuquerque by yr and thoroughgoing Year Population Murder/ Man- tanning Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Total cherry-red Crime 2005 490,631 53 285 1,150 3,182 4,670 2004 479,074 44 235 1,238 3,206 4,723 2003 468,764 52 263 1,080 3,045 4,440 2002 457,488 54 293 1 ,295 3,250 4,892 2001 451,098 36 219 1,610 3,396 5,261 000 448,607 38 239 1,547 3,317 5,141 1995 419,714 56 296 1,623 2,763 4,738 1990 384,736 35 222 1,030 3,835 5,122 1985 357,051 43 238 1,247 2,578 4,106 1980 328,837 52 217 914 1,630 2,813 New Mexico Counties In 1930, the FBI assumed responsibility for managing the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) program, collecting data from 400 cities. By 2006, over 15,000 law enforcement agencies submitted crime reports to the FBI, but since not all jurisdictions provide reports there is a possibility that you wont find complete data on some of our agency crime report pages.In every case where the FBI has assigned a population to a jurisdiction, we are providing a page even though it may be blank. When a city located in a county starts submitting its own reports, the population assigned to the county is cut to reflect that fact. Number of Property CrimesReported by Albuquerque by Year and Total. UCR Crime Statistics prepared by the The Disaste r center field in tie with the Index of the State of New Mexico Uniform Crime Reports Index of United StatesCrime Reports Year Population Burglary Larceny Theft Vehicle Theft Total Property Crime 2005 490,631 5,744 20,703 3,796 30,243 004 479,074 5,243 20,469 3,845 29,557 2003 468,764 5,543 19,663 4,088 29,294 2002 457,488 5,452 21,371 4,050 30,873 2001 451,098 6,585 23,535 4,162 34,282 2000 448,607 7,120 22,842 4,349 34,311 1995 419,714 8,362 23,461 4,995 36,818 1990 384,736 9,497 22,130 1,973 33,600 1985 357,051 9,186 17,935 1,932 29,053 1980 328,837 7,469 15,805 1,338 24,612 The UCR can be presented here because of the enceinte work of law enforcement statisticians who must classify and score each crime according to the strict criteria developed for the UCR.Some agencys crime reports do not have a population associated with them, these may include the highway patrol, state police, a drug enforcement agency, an environmental enforcement agency, transportation utility, colleges, and others. Areas may have many agencies execute the same or different law enforcement functions, and a population can only be assigned once, so it is not possible to develop a crime rate for every agency. The UCR does not include a record of every crime reported to law enforcement, and every agency does not submit data in the form that the FBI requests.The most accurate way out of crimes reported are those involving death. The leastaccurate isthe number of rapes that are reported. The number of case of rape reported does not include seek rapes. Aggravated Assault does not include cases of simple assault, (which are the largest number of assaults reported to police) and so forges only a portion of the total number of reported assaults. The number of Aggravated Assaults used here was arrived at by subtracting the number of Simple Assaults fromthe Total Assaults reported by each agency.For a few agencies, this process resulted in the generation of a negative number (their UCR re port wrongly indicates that there were more simple assaultsthan the total number of reported assaults). The magnitude of a threat/risk is measured by its frequency and effect. By this definition crime may well constitute thesingle greatest risk/threat we face today. If you have questions, comments, or suggestions, please see ourFAQ pagefirst athttp//www. disastercenter. com/UCR. htmland feel free to post a message toemailprotected com. National Criminal victimization Survey, 1996 estimate that only 37% of rapes are reported to policeThe Disaster Centerprovides online coverage of disasters in the United States, compiling and providing links to disaster link statistics and studiesUS CrimesData from 1960Tornado,Illnesses, FatalMotor Vehicle Traffic flaw and Fatality Data,Child Nursery Equipment and Toys chance Rates by Age,Sports amateurish Equipment Injuries by Age and Sex,Home, Heating, Plumbing, and Appliance Injuries by Cause, Age, and Rate,Furniture, furnishings, household, and personal use items Accident injury evaluate by Age,Home, Work Tools and Misc.Items Accident Injury rates by Age. US Cause of Death Data,US antiterrorism Threat/Risk Policy prior to September 11, 2001,US Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Terrorism Policy prior to 911Atlantic Hurricane pages and index. Total student, Number of schoolassociated Violent Deaths and Number of Homicides and Suicides of youth Ages 519, by Location 19922002Crimes and Indexes for USA Metropolitan Statistical Areas Violent Crime Index base upon 100,000 People. Year Population Murder/ Man- slaughter Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Total Violent Crime 2005 490,631 10. 58. 1 234. 4 648. 6 951. 8 2004 479,074 9. 2 49. 1 258. 4 669. 2 985. 9 2003 468,764 11. 1 56. 1 230. 4 649. 6 947. 2 2002 457,488 11. 8 64. 0 283. 1 710. 4 1,069. 3 2001 451,098 8. 0 48. 5 356. 9 752. 8 1,166. 3 2000 448,607 8. 5 53. 3 344. 8 739. 4 1,146. 0 1995 419,714 13. 3 70. 5 386. 7 658. 3 1,128. 9 1990 384,736 9. 1 57. 7 267. 7 996. 8 1,331. 3 1985 357,051 12. 0 66. 7 349. 2 722. 0 1,150. 0 1980 328,837 15. 8 66. 0 277. 9 495. 7 855. 4 Property Crime Index per 100,000 People. Year Population Burglary Larceny Theft Vehicle Theft Total Property Crime 2005 490,631 1,170. 7 4,219. 7 773. 7 6,164. 1 2004 479,074 1,094. 4 4,272. 6 802. 6 6,169. 6 2003 468,764 1,182. 5 4,194. 6 872. 1 6,249. 2 2002 457,488 1,191. 7 4,671. 4 885. 3 6,748. 4 2001 451,098 1,459. 8 5,217. 3 922. 6 7,599. 7 2000 448,607 1,587. 1 5,091. 8 969. 4 7,648. 3 1995 419,714 1,992. 3 5,589. 8 1,190. 1 8,772. 2 1990 384,736 2,468. 4 5,752. 0 512. 8 8,733. 3 1985 357,051 2,572. 7 5,023. 541. 1 8,136. 9 1980 328,837 2,271. 3 4,806. 3 406. 9 7,484. This report was provided by (Google Search (URL) Http//www. disastercenter. com/newmexic/crime/8543. htm). This link will take one to view an actual published (UCR) provided by Albuquerque, New Mexico City Law Enforcement. Now, currently have a much broader suit why this report even though more accu rate facilitate is with Flaws as Rape Victims especially Female are more possible to not report their encounter after suffering from unwanted versed activity that was consensual.Now, as we are aware natural disasters occur virtually the United States. I find it true that it is actually impossible to provide a true accurate account of class type of crime whether it be Offense I, or Offense II type. This is why during a Disaster it is up to each and every person Moral compact of duty to report any and all crime, however just because it is the good approach, not all in Society would report such crimes. Then there are the crimes that gone not unseen just unreported by the many in Society that believe, See No Evil, find out No Evil, Speak No Evil means safety from the criminal elements as they Reported no wrong against themselves and others. We, as a fancy of laws that are governed by both Federal and State need to put the word out in a manner that truly allows one to be safe of retaliation of others. Then there is the elderly who have and are today being abused as they are an lightheaded target every walk of life. The elderly fear retaliation like any other person who fears the fact that they are unprotected because there are more people committing crime than preventing crime