Leonardo Fibonacci Essay -- Mathematics Papers

Leonardo Fibonacci Leonardo Fibonacci was one of the great mathematicians of his time. His lifestyle allowed him to travel and study math in different countries, and he ended up combining his cultural knowledge to discover the most effective ways of doing mathematics. He is most famous for his contributions to the European public figure arranging and for his chronological sequence of numbers known as the Fibonacci numbers. Starting with 0 and 1 as the first two numbers, each number in the sequence is the sum of the two preceding numbers. He came across these numbers as a solution to a problem that he used as an subject in one of his many publications. He was not aware of the importance of his findings at the time. Many uses have been found for these numbers since Leonardos final stage and many mathematicians have used this sequence in their own theories. Leonardo Fibonacci was born in Pisa, Italy in the middle 1170s. When he was almost twenty, he go to Bugia, Algeria with his father, Guielmo Bonacci. Bonacci was the secretary of the Republic of Pisa responsible for directing the Pisan trading colony in Bugia. When he brought his son to Algeria, he had Leonardo educated to become a merchant. During his studies in northern Africa, Fibonacci discovered the Hindu-Arabic number system, which he had not been exposed to in Europe. When his father arranged for him to work for the Pisan republic, Leonardo took advantage of his business trips to countries such as Greece, Sicily, Egypt and Provence. He studied the methods of mathematics that were practiced in these various nations. He discovered that the Hindu-Arabic numerals were much more effective and easier to manipulate than the Roman numeral system used in Italy. i... ...997. Newman, James R., The World of Mathematics. Vol. 1, New York Simon and Schuster, c1956. Peer Reviewed by Melissa Lenzi and Mike Hartman.i http//www.lib.virginia.edu/science/parshall/fibonacc.htmlii Ibi d.iii http//www.mcs.surrey.ac.uk/ private/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibBio.htmlwhoiv Sanford, p.25v http//www.lib.virginia.edu/science/parshall/fibonacc.htmlvi Ibidvii http//www.mcs.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibBio.htmlwhoviii http//www.mcs.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibFormula.htmlcalcnextix Ibid.x Ibid.xi Gullberg, p. 287xii http//www.mcs.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/R.Knot/Fibonacci/lucasNbs.htmllotherstartsxiii Gullberg, p. 288xiv Boyer, p. 287xv http//www.mcs.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibpi.htmlpiandfibxvi Newman, p.718

?Words are more treacherous and powerful than we think? Essay -- essay

Title Words are more treacherous and powerful than we think Evaluate the extent to which the characteristics Sartre claims for delivery affect - negatively or positively - different Areas of Knowledge.The limits of knowledge that the topic implies are the limits of address and how well it approaches truth. There are a number of definitions of language. Everybody has in that location own term of what language stands for. For example, Chomsky says that language is a system of sounds put together to form phrases, which are then translated into a persons mind. Adler says that language is a system of sounds that are created to form a way of communication, which can be translated in the human mind. What I found is that language shows the proof of haggling by thoughts. feelings, and a system of arbitrary signals, such as voice sounds, gestures, or written symbols. Images are also a way of regarding language, which connects to what Adler and Chomsky had said. Because the conceptions vocabulary is so limited to the meaning of a word, images are replaced in their meaning. By showing the thoughts of what Chomsky and Adler said, I will show how many others subscribe to a different idea about language. Words have been given a belief to have a true meaning to them, but in ingenuousness not so many words have a true meaning. In order to find their true meaning we have to verbalism at how they are used and then come up with the true meaning. Therefore it was necessary that he should be able to use these sounds as signs of knowledgeable conceptions and to make them stand as marks for the ideas within his own mind, whereby they might be made known to others, and to others, and the thoughts of mens minds be conveyed from one to another. What sometimes ends up happening is that the word can mean so many things in many situations, which gets confusing. Rather they have many different meanings, which can plainly be found through text that can be found through knowledge. Sometimes the meaning of words is so vague it is difficult to understand their meaning at all. Unless we are aware of the exact context in which it is universe used, we would probably not agree on the subtle differences. Language is what we serviceman use as a symbol of communication. ds or language in general were designed by man in to fit phrase sounds, which we call words. Language is considered to be a communication of thoughts and feeling... ...s method an efficient one.By showing the thoughts of what Chomsky and Adler said, I will show how many others have a different idea about language. Words have been given a belief to have a true meaning to them, but in reality not so many words have a true meaning. In order to find their true meaning we have to look at how they are used and then come up with the true meaning. But what sometimes ends up happening is that the word can mean a so many things in many situations, which gets confusing. Rather they have many different meanin gs, which can only be found through text has to found through knowledge. Sometimes the meaning of words is so vague it is difficult to understand their meaning at all. Unless we are aware of the exact context in which it is being used, we would probably not agree on the subtle differences. Knowledge plays into affect by adding a whole new view to looking at a word. With knowledge, the interpretation of words can be figured out faster and more efficient. The way of interpreting the human language makes this method an efficient one. posterior Locke, Concerning Human Understanding , The Great Books Of The Western World The University of Chicago Press, 1952

Expectations versus Reality in Stephen Cranes The Red Badge of Courage

Expectations versus Reality in Stephen Cranes The Red Badge of CourageThe notion that war is an exciting, wild-eyed endeavor full of glory and heroism has existed for centuries. Stephen Crane set out to demystify war through his novel The Red Badge of Courage, which traces the experiences of a progeny soldier in the American Civil War. Crane shows the truthful nature of war by direct contrasting Henry Flemings romantic expectations with the reality that he encounters. This contrast between romantic vision and cold reality can be seen early in the novel, with Henrys departure from home. Driven to a prolonged ecstasy of upthrow by the rejoicing crowd, Henry enlists in the army and says good-bye to his mother with a light of excitement and expectancy in his eyes (709). He anticipates a romantic, sentimental send-off reminiscent of Spartan times and even goes as far as preparing remarks in advance which he hopes to use with touching piece to create a beautiful scene (710). However, Crane presents a more realistic view. At the news of Henrys enlistment, his mother simply says The Lords will be make and continues milking the cow, having previously urged Henry not to be a fool by enlisting (709). She then destroys his hopes by offering sensible,... ...es in anguish while his athletic supporter Jim suffers and dies. Today, many of the romantic myths about war have been destroyed through television and movies such as Born on the Fourth of July, which shows war with all(a) its suffering, pain, and death. Yet it was Stephen Crane who, a century ago, deglorified war through the experiences of Henry Fleming. With his frequent contrasts between romantic vision and cold reality, Crane clearly portrays the true horrors of war. Work Cited Crane, Stephen. The Red Badge of Courage. Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Geroge McMichael, et al. 5th ed.Vol. 2. New York Macmillan, 1993. 707-87.

code of conducts :: essays research papers

GUARDIAN AD LITEM CODE OF CONDUCTThe Guardian ad Litem shall1. maintain high standards of conduct in carrying out his or her duties and obligations2. diligently demo and be guided solely by the best interests of the churl3. report honestly and impartially to the court on what is in the best interests of the child4. view the privacy of the child and family5. hold confidential all data obtained in the course of service as a guardian ad litem, as compulsory by law and these Standards6. decline appointment, withdraw, or request assistance when the volunteer recognizes that he or she may not have the time or powerfulness to effectively advocate for a child7. affirmatively advise the Program if he or she is charged with or convicted of a criminal offense, or becomes involved in any other court proceeding, as this may cause a conflict of interest or adversely affect the guardian ad litems ability to effectively advocate for a child8. report any new incident of child abuse or neglect to his or her executive program and the abuse hotline9. comply with local circuit Program policies10. notify the Program director if the guardian ad litem or any member of the guardian ad litems immediate family becomes involved in a case with allegations of child abuse or neglect11. discuss all recommendations concerning the case with Program mental faculty prior to submitting recommendations to the court12. obtain review/approval from Program staff before submitting any document to the court or other parties13. monitor the child regularly pursuant to any policies established by the local Program14. return identification cards and all case files and related materials to the Program mapping upon discharge from the case or dismissal from the Program15. discuss case progress and guardian ad litem activity at least every sixty (60) days with Program staff and regularly submit case activity sheets and16. complete six hours of inservice training annually.Guardian ad Litem staff and v olunteers shall not1. puddle action whicha. endangers the child, a party, a witness or other personb. is outside the powers or role of the guardian ad litem orc. Violates state or local law, court rule, Program policy or court or Program procedure2. contravene staff or court direction3. repeatedly or significantly fail to perform a responsibility as a guardian ad litem4. falsify or fail to disclose information on the guardian ad litem application form, misrepresent facts during the screening interview or commit an act which results in a substantial alteration of the undivideds qualifications to serve in the GAL Program

Symbolism in Lord of the Flies :: Essays Papers

Symbolism in Lord of the FliesIn William Goldings Lord of the Flies, a novel that explores the depths of human nature, plot is irrelevant in comparison to the rich symbolism embedded in nearly either components of the story. The theme of the book is the destructive presence of evil as an influence to mankind, which lies within the breakdown of all order and common sense as a group of british boys stranded on a deserted island evolve into a pack of animalistic savages. The clues to this hidden theme behind the storyline are plentiful, as Golding uses a number of objects to represent certain ideologies and moral values. The first barrier used in the book that holds much symbolic value passim the story is the usage of the word scar for the stretch of sandy beach that borders the thick(p) jungle on the island. When the plane crashes on the lush island, it disrupts the balance and harmony of nature untouched by mans influence. The twisted wreckage of the plane creates an imperfe ction in the relaxation of nature, and leaves the beach a scar of what it used to be - beautiful and unharmed by mans destructive impulse. Golding describes the natural surroundings of the island in lush, descriptive detail all throughout the book, beginning with an account of Ralphs proximity The shore was fledged with palm trees. These stood or leaned or reclined against the light and their green feathers were a hundred feet up in the air. The ground beneath them was a bank covered with grass, torn everywhere by the upheavals of fallen trees, scattered with decaying coconuts and palm saplings. Behind this was the darkness of the forest fitting and the open space of the scar. (9-10) An object which also attains much symoblic relevance as the story unfolds is the conch shell. Delicate, fragile, and white, the conch is what brings the boys together on the first day at the beach. It is used throughout the story as an object of high importance and tradition, as it calls meetin gs together and determines who has the right to speak, depending on who is holding it at the time. It can be seen as a representation of law and order amongst the boys, as it unites them and prevents chaos from arising.

Symbolism in Lord of the Flies :: Essays Papers

Symbolism in Lord of the FliesIn William Goldings Lord of the Flies, a novel that explores the depths of human nature, plot is irrelevant in comparison to the rich symbolism embedded in nearly all components of the story. The theme of the book is the destructive presence of evil as an settle to mankind, which lies within the breakdown of all order and common sense as a group of british boys stranded on a deserted island explicate into a pack of animalistic savages. The clues to this hidden theme behind the storyline are plentiful, as Golding uses a number of objects to represent certain ideologies and moral values. The rootage term utilise in the book that holds much symbolic value throughout the story is the usage of the word scar for the stretch of sandy bank that borders the thick jungle on the island. When the plane crashes on the lush island, it disrupts the balance and harmony of nature untouched by mans influence. The twisted wreckage of the plane creates an imperfec tion in the peacefulness of nature, and leaves the beach a scar of what it used to be - beautiful and unharmed by mans destructive impulse. Golding describes the natural surroundings of the island in lush, descriptive situation all throughout the book, beginning with an account of Ralphs proximity The shore was fledged with palm trees. These stood or leaned or reclined against the light and their green feathers were a hundred feet up in the air. The ground beneath them was a bank covered with grass, torn everywhere by the upheavals of fallen trees, scattered with decaying coconuts and palm saplings. Behind this was the darkness of the wood proper and the open space of the scar. (9-10) An object which also attains much symoblic relevance as the story unfolds is the conch shell. Delicate, fragile, and white, the conch is what brings the boys together on the first day at the beach. It is used throughout the story as an object of high importance and tradition, as it calls meeti ngs together and determines who has the right to speak, depending on who is holding it at the time. It can be seen as a representation of law and order amongst the boys, as it unites them and prevents chaos from arising.

How the Aviation Industry Is Affected by the Economy

Airports ar vital international resources. They play a blusher role in transportation of people and goods. And in regional, national and international commerce. They are where the nations melodic phrase system connects with former(a) modes of transportation and where national responsibility for managing and regulating air traffic operation meet with the role of state and local governments that own and operate most airports. This paper reviews how oil expenditures equal the airway economy and views the extent to which the economies and developing countries remain vulnerable to a long period of higher oil values.I overhear chosen this take because the airway labor in the economy of any country plays a very important role. Todays airlines face many long rest problems. The historical trends show the true story of what is happening in the airline industry. There are many factors that contribute to these problems and Increase in open fire judge/cost is one of them. The value of a barrel of oil has a direct impact on airliners within the Worlds aviation industry, at the present moment the price of a barrel of Oil has held at about $89 a barrel, this figure however, is very unstable.To emphasize still, in mid July 2006 a barrel of oil had broken the $78 mark and has since stabilized, the long term issues however, suggest the value of oil could rise even boost which can of course have cost complications for airliners. With the current political disputes in Eastern Europe and the unrest in the Middle East, the cost of oil is apt(predicate) to rise, as is the unstable nature of this resource and industry in general.According to the latest statistics from the General Aviation Bureau, due to the give the axe price surge, the cost of raise has accounted to 41% of the cost of study business of airline companies. The whole airline industry has an additional cost expenditure of 1. 27 billion. Why does the airline industry which is always sensitive to price change take no action this time? The South-west Airline Company said if we raised the ticket price at this time the passengers would scare away.Several transportation companies also mention that the domestic transportation is steady but not rising, and it would be further overwhelmed if the airline raised prices forthwith. Therefore under the present condition of fuel price surge, the airline should lessen costs through management strengthening, cost impenetrable and efficiency improving, but not simply raise the price. Passenger carriers have reported over $10 billion in 2005 net losses. Industry debt now exceeds $100 billion, while the industrys $15 billion total market profit continues to decline.Our ability to borrow to support continuing losses is lessening. The fewer airlines that have been able to achieve a profit are doing so under tremendous difficulty. The reasons for the dangerous condition of the industry are clear. Profit has declined dramatically following the 9/11 attack on America. Although carriers are aggressively reducing costs where possible, stubbornly high fuel prices and escalating security and insurance costs, among other things, have combined with a particular vengeance in an under-performing economy.The industry has already achieved annual savings of over $10 billion in metropolis and operating expenses. Issues such as fuel prices, however, are obviously beyond our ability to battle alone The industry was suffering from the softening economy in early 2001. The events of 9/11, however, drove losses that year to $7. 7 billion, despite the $5 billion in government compensation for the costs of the terrorist shutdown of our aviation system. A few years back the picture darkened when despite industry cutbacks in spending, losses topped $10 billion.And analysts predict that the industry testament lose another $2 to 4 billion this year, meaning that airlines are on target to lose about $25 billion in the 2008 to 2013 period. Increases i n fuel prices affect the airlines in two ways the cost of fuel has an obvious and direct impact on the cost of operation, and fuel cost increases have repeatedly triggered frugal recessions, which in turn result in a decline in demand for air incite and air cargo.Fuel price increases have a negative impact on airlines because even in good time fuel costs account for roughly 10-12% of our operating expense. both penny increase in the price of jet fuel costs the airline industry $180 million a year. In the absence of determine power the ability to pass these costs along in the form of higher airfares these increases come right off the bottom line. An even more baneful aspect of the fuel price increase is the relationship between the economy and air travel. The link between fuel prices and the health of the economy is clear.Three of the major recessions of the past thirty years can, in large measure, be attributed to the steep increases in fuel prices that accompanied the 1973 M iddle East oil embargo, the 1980 Iran Crisis, and the1990-91 Gulf War. The airline industry is undeniably tied to the overall economy even minor recessions result in reduced demand and increased sensitivity to prices for leisure as well as business travelers. Past fuel spikes and attendant recessions have brought about widespread hardship in the airline industry. As analysis shows, airline profitability suffers as a direct consequence of a weakening economy.During the first Gulf War, almost half of the major airlines filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, long-standing airlines went out of business, more than 100,000 airline employees lost jobs, and the industry went into a financial tailspin from which it took years to recover. We all have much at carry it is not simply a matter of airline finances it is the national economy. Civil aviation has a profound impact on the U. S. economy.A tardily completed analysis found that in calendar 2009 Civil aviations total impact on the U. S. economy amounted to 9% of GDP. $343 billion and 4. 2 million jobs were produced in civil aviation or in industries related to civil aviation such as travel and tourism. Combined direct, indirect, and induced economic impact of civil aviation totaled $904 billion and 11. 2 million jobs. Without question, the financial situation of the airlines has had a negative effect on the U. S. economy. Of the jobs lost in the United States since 9/11, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics nearly half have been in the travel and tourism sector. As airline pain spreads, communities crosswise the country are dramatically affected.Forced contraction in the industry means less service or no service to some communities, more and more isolating them from the economic mainstream. The airlines are doing everything they can to conserve fuel. Throughout the history of commercial aviation, airlines have insisted upon the most fuel-efficient aircraft possible and have work ed with airframe and engine manufacturers to reduce fuel consumption. In fact, our fuel conservation efforts have resulted in a fuel consumption rate of almost 40 passenger miles per gallon in at onces aircraft a rate that compares favorably with the most fuel-efficient automobiles.Changes in cruise speed, use of flight simulators, sophisticated flight planning systems, increasing load factors and the entranceway of newer, more aerodynamic aircraft designs combined with modern engine technology, are all recent success stories. Airlines continue to look at every possible facial expression of their operations to further improve fuel efficiency through measures like taxiing on one engine, delaying startup and push back, removing all discretionary eight, and using screen background power instead of on-board auxiliary power units while at the gate. These and similar measures are increasingly being used where commensurate with safety considerations to save fuel and, not incidentally, to reduce emissions. However, as of today our options for further dramatic improvements on the order of what we have been able to achieve over the past few decades are limited leaving not only the aviation industry vulnerable but also all other services dependant upon air travel for a profitable living.

Intellectual Auto Biography Essay

Unlike many of my colleagues or others who abide majored in history in the first place, my expert background has been influenced by dickens major cultures in the foundation. As a twenty three years old student living in the States but originally from Japan, the foundation of my intellectual being was shaped by the Japanese culture and education since the first 18 years of my life and school took place in Tokyo Japan. Later I moved to America, California where I fix been under taking my degree course, majoring in History.This does not slopped that my intellectual story is different or unique but I consume to admit that, it is in virtually manner interesting since many people and many affairs guard played a part in it. From the time I started schooling, I have al styluss had an interest in history. Just like America, Japan is in reality rich in history which is somehow different from the Ameri hatful one and scarcely(a). The curiosity and the thirst to know more some my native country and the world at large formed the basis of my interest in history. In other give-and-takes, I know why I am pursing history and sometimes I call in taking this course of study was inevitable since it has unfeignedly shaped my life.It is a well known fact that Buddhism is one of the major faiths in the world oddly in Japan and from a historical point of view the godliness has come to be identified with the country. It has shaped its culture, economy and political aspects. I am a self confessed Buddhist brought up by Buddhist p bents and the whole of my life has been characterized by Buddhist doctrines. My beliefs and how I view life merchantman only be attributed to the worship. As a history major, I moot one of the most interesting topics in history is religion and how it shapes peoples lives.I have always taken myself as an example, trying to analyze how it has really affected my life and my views about everything. I tend to agree that Buddhism is a philosop hy more than religion because it defines lives of those who see in it. Philosophers have defined the word philosophy as the love of wiseness and Buddhism propagates that. I myself love wisdom and that is why I chose to do history in the first place just to know almost everything that has shaped this world from the time it came into universe. Another thing I count in is truth.For me it is a very important virtue and has a major role to play in this world in regards to honorableity. Honesty, concord to my understanding and beliefs can only be achieved the moment one is true to himself and to God/gods, depending on whom one worships or believes in. Being true to oneself forms the basis of honesty which entrust be followed by other forms of honesty for example, being honest to others and to God/gods. Those who ar familiar with Buddhism religion will agree that, this view has somehow been influenced by the religion and that is why I began by saying that Buddhism is part of my li fe.As a Buddhist, I am suppositious to be aware of my feelings before I do anything. This also applies to actions. Before undertaking any action, one is supposed to be aware of it and to have wisdom and understanding on how to go about it . When all these are combined, they all add up to being true to oneself and that is what I call honesty in other words. This belief has really shaped my life especially in regards to my relationships with others. The moment one adopts this view of honesty, it is very difficult to fall out with anyone since one will always be open-minded.Being true to oneself will only mean that, you will do what you believe is true and it will be very difficult to be pressurized peradventure by the peers into doing something against your will. When it comes to handling others, it will be very easy. For example, if one sees a friend doing something one is not comfortable with and maybe that friend wants you to join him/her, since you are true to yourself, you wil l be able to express your concerns and at the end of the day, that friend will see that your concern is genuinely genuine since it is coming from dim within you.It is not forced, not a pretence or expression of fear but your true self expressed in words. This will actually be felt by another person and it will eventually influence his thinking. I remember mentioning earlier that I am Buddhist and some may question whether I believe in one God or gods. I know in the modern days there are those Buddhists who believe in one God and there are others who do not for they believe in many gods. The question always poses some problems to me especially when it comes to explaining to others, especially my friends.They have always known the religion that I profess and what it says about the get it on of God and gods but they are never sure about my stand. First I have to clarify something, Buddhism is a way of life and that is what makes it different from other religions. It emphasizes so m uch on how people are supposed to live and as a Buddhist there is that kind of life that I am supposed to live. There is no mention in my religion that Buddha worshipped or believed in any one God.That does not mean we are atheists in fact there are so many Buddhists who believe in that one God of the Jews, we call Him, the God of the desert. Personally, I fathert have problems with those Buddhist who profess a kind of God in their lives even though it is not in Buddhism doctrines. Sometimes I tend to think that I will head there someday. Right now, from what I have look at and seen, I tend to think that, there is a supernatural power that is in control of the world. I have been skeptical about the issue for a very long time and sometimes I do not want to talk about it.I have read so much regarding the matter, I have been exposed to so many religions and I have even been following what is happening in this world and to some extent, I think there could be actually a supernatural ha nd behind it all. Can I be regarded as an atheist then? I leave that judgment to ones discretion but as I said earlier, I am true to myself and what I believe in, but maybe one day I may change my mind no one knows. I believe that Buddhism is a well organized religion. In fact, it has never been perceive before that Buddhists have fought with any religion over religious matters and that is what I love most about the religion.Foundation is the most interesting part of the religion as far as I am concerned. Buddha was born in an affluent family but he decided to leave all that to suffer. He manly focused on suffering. The religion is not about God but suffering as a way of life and that God has no root word to suffering. The only thing can bring sufferings to an end is the teachings of Buddha whereby only wisdom and compassion can end ones problems. I really believe in these concepts which continue to shape my life. Wisdom has always been a driving force behind everything that I do .The course that I am pursuing is my way of becoming wise especially of the things of his world coupled with other ways for example meditation which is a requirement of my religion. One has to accept everything that comes in the way. That is how I mainly live my life and this has really helped me to come to terms with my problems. The pains that we go through as human beings can only be solved the moment we accept them. Some people have always misunderstood Buddhism as a religion, some of them claiming that we worship a human being. I dont inculpation them because they are acting out of ignorance.Even though we really hold Buddha with high esteem that does not mean that we worship him. In fact I have so much respect for him and this should not be misquoted that I worship him. I have always tried to contribute his principles in my life and so far I do not have any complaints. Another thing that interests me about Buddhas teachings is that, he says that moral and ethical uprightness will end suffering forever. Many will definitely differ on the definition of the phrase morally uprightness because the word morally is relative depending on ones culture and background.However, according to me, being true to oneself constitutes moral uprightness. Sometimes it is argued that ones life is predestined and I stripping myself asking, since human life is characterized by so much suffering, were we predestined to suffer? If that is so, why then do we have to struggle to improve life? Is there anything like isolated will? In the course of my study, I have come across so many stories and events that have characterized human beings from the time they came into existence and one thing we can agree on is that life has not been smooth sailing for human beings.It has always been about diseases, wars and rumors of wars, poverty among others. Sometimes I ask myself, if we use the concept of predestination to explain this, does that mean that we were predestined to go through al l these? If we agree on this, then that means we have no control whatsoever and the actions that we carry out are also predestined. Then why does human being try to look for solutions to solve these problems or prevent them from repeating themselves in the future? If we believe that everything is predestined, then nothing matters because it means we are not in control of anything.I have read about almost all the wars that have characterized the world right from world wars and major civil wars and some countries have justified some of these wars, giving so many reasons. Lets consider two wars World War II and the Vietnam War. These two wars have been surrounded by controversies right from the start, and some have argued that, they were not to happen in the first place. The US has been regretting of its decision of going to war with Vietnam for so many years and if we adopt the concept of predestination, it will only mean that, they do not have a reason to regret because everything wa s predestined.The war had to happen and they had no control over it. Why then should they blame themselves? Even though the world has been trying to prevent another World War, then its efforts are meaningless because if it is predestined to happen, then no one can prevent it. The concept of predestination will only mean that, we are not answerable for the mistakes that we do and we owe no one an apology. If we believe that everything in the world is pre-designed, then, that means we are just existing to fulfill our purposes in life and not living our lives the way we would want.So does that mean that set free will is at work and not predestination? The more I tend to think about these two concepts, the more I get confused. If we say that free will is at work, then as human beings we are to blame for everything that we go through because the power of making free choices is in our hands. Every thought that we harbor in our heads and every action that we undertake, will be determined by us. Should we blame ourselves for all those wars that took place? Sometimes I tend to think that free will and predestination are both at work.There are some areas of our lives which have been predestined for example death and birth of children. No one wants to die any day but at one point we will all have to die. When I was young, still in particular school, I wondered what brought about twins. After learning some biology I understood but I used to ask myself why I was not born with a twin sister or brother and the only answer I could think of is predestination. I was destined to be born alone. Where does free will come in then?I believe that human beings can make to live their lives the way they want to live, for example, one can choose to be successful or to be a failure, one can choose to pass exams or not, marry or not to marry, have children or not among others. Even though I believe this to some extent, I think that free will and predestination are both at work. I am alw ays left with so many questions regarding the two concepts and thus I agree with those who propose that, free will and predestination are two concepts that can never be understood and are not conclusive enough.I am well aware of the concept of predestination according to Buddhism religion that every human beings destiny is determined by ones personal actions. This means that, ones thoughts and words will determine what he will become in the future. I do not dispute that in fact, it forms the foundation of my faith. However, I also believe that human beings have a choice to make when it comes to the actions they decide to carry out. In other words, if one chooses to do wrong actions, that will determine his or her destiny, and that is why I believe that free will and predestination work together.

Major Factors for a Successful Exhibition Essay

Visitors are the lifeblood of any successful exhibition. Exhibitors expect to meet visitors so they so-and-so do business with. Organizers need visitors to visit their exhibitions so they can encourage exhibitors to join their exhibitions, therefore making positive financial returns. On the 28-31 October this year, the HKTDC will conjure an international furniture fair at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition centre.The most successful companies in this exhibition will be the ones that take advantage of the intimacy the event organizers have to offer, and then successfully communicate that knowledge to the project team that will design all the elements that will be present deep down the unwrap booth. Other factors for a successful exhibition in the eyes of the exhibitor include but not limited to the following Establish meaningfully goals, and come up with a strong and reliable strategy that will achieve your goals. Put into practice powerful and unforgettable marketing initia tives before, during, and after the exhibition. elect the best type of exhibit display booth that meets your goals and promotional needs as well as your budgetary requirements. Effectively make use of display accessories, banners, graphics, lighting, booth design, and materials to heighten visibility and drive sales. Hand out Promotional products that complement your company image. Ensure those working the show are well ingenious to fully represent your company, generate leads, and secure sales. Through the eyes of the organizer the key factors of a successful exhibition is when all the exhibition goals have been achieved or completed.Some of those goals I have listed below Pre-promotional strategy as meet it objectives by providing enough interest in the exhibition All the allocated floor topographic point as been taken up by exhibitors Visitors count by surpassed the expected amount Feedback from exhibitors is good and bookings are taken for the following year Nothing unhoped- for happens When organizers receive recognition for their exhibition A well organized event will enhance awareness, help to capture new business leads and advance client relationships

Intellect vs. Instinct in “To Build a Fire” by Jack London Essay

The ignorance of the main character in To Build a Fire by dogshit capital of the United Kingdom is what ultimately causes his failure. He has never experienced cold like that of the Yukon Trail but is confidant, regardless, that he will reach his goal of meeting his friends at the campsite. It is the homos determination to follow his intellect rather than his instinct that reveals his ignorance.The man begins his journey relying on flawed intellect. He illogic eithery treks through snow, escape his boots and feet, and must dry them before they succumb to frostbite. When the dogs feet get wet, it instinctively licks and bites at the ice that forms between its toes. The man helps the dog, briefly removing his mitten in the desensitize cold. The man does not crawfish the same precautions, he continuously ignores his instinct.The mans second accident occurs when he proceeds to build a squeeze out under a snow covered tree, which begins to melt and blots the fire out. Logic is eludi ng him and his confidence begins to dwindle, as his journey quickly turns to failure. The old man never learns from his mistakes, and his failures compound. capital of the United Kingdom writes that this second mistake was his own fault or, rather, his mistake. Here London is showing his beliefs as a naturalist. Had this second problem been his fault the author would be condemning his protagonist much more strongly however, he calls this a mistake, a much softer term, suggesting that the man should not be held liable for his actions. Had he expect that lighting a fire under a frost-covered tree would cause the heavy ice to melt and fall, yet still done it, only then(prenominal) would he be held liable.The mans mind begins to run wild with thoughts of insecurity and death when the second fire fails. He recollects the yarn of a man who kills a steer to stay warm and envisions himself killing his dog and crawling into the carcass to warm up so he can build a fire to save himself. Lon don writes, a legitimate fear of death, dull and oppressive, came to him. Had the man been following his instinct instead of attempting to survive on his (obviously flawed) intellect passim the bill, he may have survived. The dog experienced a vague but menacing apprehension(921) that the man coldly did not allow himself to to a fault experience.The mans dog uses his instincts to survive the cold. The dog did not know anything about thermometers. Possibly in its brain there was no bang-up consciousness of a condition of very cold such as was in the mans brain. But the brute had its instincts writes London. The dog, who has an innate sagacity of the cold, tries to burrow under the snow for warmth. He even senses the danger of remaining with the man who would kill the dog in order to bury his hands in its warm carcass, and escapes him by snarling and growling. When the animal leaves for the campsite he is showing that animals are not afraid of injuring their pride. The dog knows he needs fire and food.The story is a struggle of nature versus man, and throughout the story nature succeeds. The frigid arctic environment will yield nothing to the man. The tone of the story is as frigid and frightening as the setting the man has found himself in, the reader is just as unaccustomed to the cold as the old man and Londons vivid and descriptive language serve as a tool to shock the reader into realizing just how dire the mans note is. The cold becomes a character, fighting the man and foiling him at every turn. London emphasizes the importance of having a respect and a knowledge of the world that was environ the man, writing that the man did not know the cold. Possibly all the generations of his ancestry did not know the cold, of cold one hundred and seven degrees below frost point. But the Dog knew all its ancestry knew, and it had inherited that knowledge. (London, 924) Here we see Londons position as a naturalist taking shape in his writing.Ideally, in a succe ssful naturalist story, the dire cold situation would have brought out the mans most staple fibre natural instincts. The story repeats that the man is not thinking of material things in the arctic once in awhile the thought reiterated itself that it was very cold and he had never experienced such cold. This is probably to emphasize that when one is experiencing such extremes of nature, the extreme is what takes over, and the mind almost shuts down to anything except the nature around them. assoil as the mans mind was of thoughts, he was keenly observant, and he noticed changes in the creeks, the curves and bends and timbre jams, and always he sharply remark where he placed his feet. Here, the man is learning from hisprior mistakes and letting himself be led by the cold, earlier when he was thinking of his goal and not of his feet, he found himself with freezing toes. Now, after time in the Yukon, he has found a respect for the cold. Although, this respect is not enough to drive hi m to the next campsite, London is unforgiving of the mans original eubrice in taking on the cold, and does not seem to want to allow him to succeed.Eventually the mans steering had to turn from his own goal, reaching the riches of the Yukon Trail, to survival, and fighting the frostbite that is slowly overtaking his body. However, the man refuses to consider the consequences of his actions, even when his life is threatened by the accidents And all the time, in his consciousness, was the knowledge that each instant his feet were freezing. This thought tended to put him in a panic, but he fought against it and kept calm (923). Had the man allowed his instinct to take over here, he may have succeeded, but his rationality is his greatest enemy. The man also lacks foresight, He drove the thought of his freezing feet, and nose, and cheeks, out of his mind, devoting his entire soul to the matches (922). He should not be focusing on the matches when frostbite is obviously overtaking his b ody because once he does light a fire, he still has these other obstacles to tackle. He never acknowledges, and perhaps never sees, that he should have been valuing survival over wealth from the very beginning.It is unclear whether the end of the story is a message fromt he author that the old man should not have given up, and allowed himself to die, or continued to fight the cold. It is only when he is certain of his death that he acknowledges the wise words of the man at the campsite who told him not to attempt the trek. You were right, old hoss, you were right he says to himself, drifting into a well-provided sleep that one can only interpret as death. The message seems to be that giving up was the correct thing to do, because in allowing himself to die he is eventually escaping from his pride and ignorance, and praising the words of the wise triggerer. His self realization allows himself to be seen as a simile, a chicken with its head deal off running around in vain trying t o save himself. It is when he decides that all is lost, and realizes he was wrong to set out that he is finallycomfortable, the tragedy is that his comfort is in death.The travelers struggle with the tremendous cold is apparent, but he never admits that his plight is his own fault. He blame his luck aloud (London, 923) notice he speaks of luck, and not of a lack-of-common sense. Repeatedly warned of the dangers, he still singularly set out to locate timber and travel to the next campsite. His stubbornness is foolish. His confidence, merely arrogance, draws attention to an even more concerning internal conflict The story is a fatal example of the human inclination to sometimes allow determination to drown out our intuitive voice.

Free and Open Elections Are the Cornerstone to Any Democracy Essay

Free and open picks are the cornerst unmatched to any democracy. The citizens of the United States occupy fought for stratums to increase this right to everyone, more(prenominal) thanover besides keep each vote as strong as the next. However, it has become obvious to many that their voting power is beingness shortened each election cycle. Money and influence from powerful, wealthy interest crowds and companys have made their way into politicians coffers in the form of major hightail it contributions. This system has resulted in voters calling for nevertheless campaign finance domesticize including more regulation of election funding and a higher level of transparency. When it comes to financing presidential campaigns, an entirely new playbook is being written. The traditional yardstick, the money embossed by individual candidates, may frontless this time. Instead hundreds of millions of dollars may come from a relatively new political animal, the ace PAC.This financin g vehicle sprang up in the wake of a 2010 Supreme Court decision, Citizens United, which wiped away limits on merged and labor union campaign spending (1). Super PAC is a term to describe the new free lance-expenditure-only committees that form to fund issues and specific canidates. Basically, the Citizens United decision said that labor unions and corporations could spend interminable amounts of money independently of candidates to convince voters to vote for or against psyche. on that point is a lot of money that can be raised and spent on independent advertising along with other things. A very important point is this can all be done without coordinating with the candidates (1). A candidates ability to raise money on his or her own does still count for a lot. Financial reports released this weekend show Texas Gov. Rick Perry outpacing his re state-supportedan rivals, hale in more than $17 million for the third quarter.With $15 million in the bank, he put away half-a-million dollars more than former Massachusetts Gov. hired hand Romney, who pulled in $14 million during the same period 2). No other major GOP contenders raised as much. Ron Paul was next with more than $8 million, but the rest raised substantially less and also had far less cash on hand 2). As for the man they all hope to replace, hot seat Obama brought in nearly $43 million last quarter. And by the end of September, the incumbent Democrat had $61 million in the bank, more than all the Re commonans unite 2). Some of that go forth likely be spent responding to attack ads from the new super PACs, like this one from the conservative group American Crossroads ventilation in North Carolina and Virginia (2). In just the last three months, according to the filings, the Obama campaign has spent more on payroll, more than $4 million, than several of the Republican candidates have raised 3). Fundraising in a post Citizen United world is characterized by a system of public secrecy and private re vealing 5).There are no current laws that prohibit any organization from spending large sums of money supporting a candidate and remaining private, while retentivity the public in the dark. The most significant innovation is the rise of so-called Super political action committees, which can solicit unlimited contributions. These Super-Pacs would have happened without Citizens United. The organizational entrepreneurs that pioneered the Super Pac form, Speech Now, came up with this idea in 2007 and pursued this strategy long before Citizens United (1). A majority of the candidates campaigning in Iowa for the Republican fellowships presidential nomination are associated with at least one super PAC one candidate had seven at last count 4). They are expected to pump hundreds of thousands possibly millions of dollars into political advertising leading up to Iowas Jan. 3 Republican Party caucuses and through other presidential primary contests continuing into next year 4).Fundraising numbers are important because they help generate buzz and excitement, and because in politics, money makes more money. It is unclear what problem, increase corporate disclosure is designed to solve, and given the past track record of campaign finance repossess, there is good reason to be skeptical that disclosure will improve the political process at all. Research shows that campaign finance reform typically fails at achieving its intended ends 4). To give just one example, clean elections laws, under which candidates receive government subsidies in exchange for forgoing private contributions, did not change politics in states like Maine and Arizona, and earlier this year the Supreme Court ruled that the most popular version of these laws to be unconstitutional (1). It has been said that to evaluate the political effects of Citizens United (CU) by itself is a fools errand. It was the latest (and not the last) in a series of libertarian campaign finance cases from the Roberts Court (1).Much of the alleged consequences of that case are activities (such(prenominal) as unlimited spending by corporations on candidate related ads that shied away from specific messages of endorsement) these ads were also legal the day before the Court decided that case. though certain activities by corporations may have been allowed even before CU, the extent of the decision has made such activities more likely (1). These ads are now approve as core First Amendment activity. This decision points the definition of corruption away from inconsistent access and toward bribery. This seems to remove the appearance of corruption as a compel tar modernize of campaign finance reform (1). The Courts post-CU decision in the Arizona Free Enterprise v. Bennett struck down a public campaign funding scheme that also showed the abundanter implications of this ruling.Those cases have will have consequences beyond campaign finance because they raise important questions as to how and when laws burde n on speech (1). The firestorm of public criticism that followed CU was unique. Campaign finance decisions do not usually rise to a level where the public pays attention to such cases (let alone to have a case mentioned in a State of the Union address) (1). One of the effects that the Citizens United decision had on politics price mentioning is the almost flawless transition of good government groups from advocating for more direct limits on speech (1). Large, publicly traded corporations might be less likely to get involved in election financing than many people tend to assume particularly if that involvement must be publicly disclosed (1). A recent study concludes that sixty percent of companies in the S & P 100 Index have already responded to CU by prohibiting spending corporate money on politics or disclosing their direct political spending (1). Such spending could alienate potential customers it could also trigger a shareholder backlash.Privately-held companies or those contr olled by a single shareholder, are probably more likely to engage in election spending. On the other side, those who favor the stance quo argue that tighter rules on these funds constitute a clear violation of First Amendment rights. The one good thing about this law is Justice Anthony Kennedy, version from his majority opinion, emphasized that Congress may not censor or regulate political speech, whether it is a person doing the talking or a corporation or union. At the core of the First Amendment, Kennedy said, and laws banning speech, infringe those basic constitutional protections. Kennedy also pointed out that under those laws, Congress also could diminish the vowelize of the media business if it chose. Government, he said, may not suppress political speech based on a speakers identity 7).One group that supports Texas Governor Rick Perry, known as Make Us Great Again Inc., started the flow last week, buying nine days of advertising floating policy on local television to int roduce the governor to Iowa Republicans 4). stilbestrol Moines television stations WHO, KCCI and WOI sold advertising slots that began Nov. 2 and ran through Friday for a combined $60,000 4). The Des Moines purchase was part of an overall $200,000 spent to air the 30-second spot in television markets across the stat. Meanwhile, the 9-9-9 Fund, a Super PAC aligned with former Godfathers Pizza CEO Herman Cain, reported last week to the Federal Elections Commission that it had spent $5,000 for Internet advertising in Iowa and another $20,000 for contact calling to Iowa voters(4). And it isnt just the Republican presidential candidates getting support from super PACs.Priorities USA Action, a committee formed by supporters of President Barack Obama, raised $3.1 million in its first six months and has spent $1.3 million. That super PAC recently began airing advertising on the Internet that is highly critical of glove Romney (4). Super PACs have much more muscle than other types of polit ical action committees they have unlimited money-raising potential. Presidential campaigns can raise no more than $5,000 from an individual bestower $2,500 each for the primary and general elections, under federal election rules (4). Super PACs dont have such restrictions, allowing them to raise and spend significantly more money.Obama campaign officials say their goal is to raise a combined $60 million in contributions to the campaign and the Democratic subject area Committee (3).That figure will likely top all of the Republican candidates combined. While they are courting large donors, campaign officials also are hoping to show that Obama has the same kind of broad appeal he did in 2008, when a record four million people donated to his campaign. President Obama is using his early lead in campaign fund-raising to axial rotation a grass-roots organization and information technology system that is critical in general election battlegrounds. He is doing so even as the Republican c andidates husband cash and jockey for position in what could become a drawn-out nominating battle(3).Since the beginning of the year, Mr. Obama and the Democratic National Committee, for which the president is helping raise money to finance his partys grass-roots efforts, have spent close to $87 million in operating costs, according to a New York Times analysis of campaign finance reports filed with the Federal Election Commission (3). That amount is about as much as all the current Republican candidates together have raised so far in this campaign. In recent months, that money has helped open campaign offices in at least 15 states. In contrast, the best-financed Republican candidates, Mitt Romney and Gov. Rick Perry of Texas, have physical presences in just a handful of early primary states like New Hampshire, South Carolina and Florida (5).Mr. Obama has spent millions of dollars investing in social media and information technology, applying a savvy and brute technological force t o raising small-dollar donations. This same system is also firing up volunteers and building an theme to sustain his re-election campaign for the next year (5). Mr. Obama brings unmatched financial resources to the campaign trail, and a team that is knowledgeable of where and how to deploy money, people and technology. Though the Republican National Committee has enjoyed strong fund-raising in recent months, it is also still paying down large debts incurred during the 2008 cycle. At the end of September, the committee was still $14.5 million in debt, according to campaign reports (3).Independent spending on negative or positive advertising has proven effective in making some races more competitive. Traditional fundraising by political parties has helped develop the traditional grass-roots organizing essential to winning elections. The United States does not have the kind of disclosure system that would inform the public about exactly who provided for the ads, but existing law do re quire each sponsor of such ads to disclose how much was spent.The movement for more reform has taken a sudden and drastic turn back due to the recent Citizens United v. Federal Election Committee ruling. This ruling has thrown decades of reform out the window, and opened the door for a flood of election money this country has not yet witnessed. Also, the lack of oversight into nonprofit organizations has hampered the transparency in elections.This decision will ultimately hurt the U.S. economy, allow greater corporate and non-profit political influence, and cause increased political indifference within an already grind general public (6). Because of corporate money funding campaigns, it is nearly impossible for an unknown to run in any major election. With all the money donated to front-runners, someone from the general public doesnt stand a chance. In addition to the amount of money spent, it has become increasingly difficult to trace its origins due to non-profit organizations no t having to disclose who their donors are. It is imperative that we as voters be informed.

Advantages and disadvantages of franchising Essay

Franchising has exhibited dramatic growth since it offers some significant advantages when compared to other distribution methods. When starting a business or venturing into entrepreneurship, it is imperative for one to consider all options. One of the most suitable ways of achieving such an objective is to buy into a franchise. Business are able to expand by franchising in order to gain access to external capital that can fund growth of new-fashioned outlets or stack aways that are run by committed and profit driven franchisees CITATION Fra12 l 1033 (Frazer, Merrilees, & Wright, 2012). These franchisees are more likely to be focused and brisk than employed staff. Therefore, Franchising allows individuals to become their own boss. For people who want to apply franchising in the Chinese market, they may wish weight all options.Franchising is one the best resolving for transitioning from employment to a business owner. There are several businessmen and businesswomen who have thri ved and successfully transformed their financial lives through franchising. Venturing into franchising has its benefits and also some drawbacks. withal the startup capital call for to become a franchisee, there is piffling planning and thought that is required when setting up the new business. The new store or outlet has to conform to the image that the franchisor has already set up. Small details such as the color scheme, to the inventory items to be placed on the menu or on the shelves, are all determined by the franchisor. This arrangement makes is easier for the franchisee to set up the business and increases the chances of success CITATION Hun11 l 1033 (Hunter, 2011). almost franchisors give the franchisee detailed training in order to ensure that they develop the required level of expertise to achieve profitability. This allows the franchisee to have a piece of minds erudite that the company is steering the business in the right direction. One does not have to develop an a dvertising strategy or solid branding as this is done by the franchisor.Although franchising might be perceived as an ideal solution by some individuals, others cite throwbacks of the business model. Therefore, they prefer multi-level marketing or network marketing, which allows one to become a distributor of a product of and established and a reputable company. This allows one to leverage on the advantages of being a franchisee whilst overcoming some of the disadvantages associated with it CITATION Hun11 l 1033 (Hunter, 2011).Firstly, multilevel marketing or network marketing products usually have a good level of branding in that, consumers are able to recognize the product that is offered to them. Although franchisees also have this advantage, they do not have the freedom to come up with unique structures when it comes to the distribution business. web marking will, therefore, allow one to have free reign to market their business in whichever way they like CITATION Fra12 l 1033 ( Frazer, Merrilees, & Wright, 2012).Another advantage that network marketing has over franchising is that little startup capital is required to become a distributor. One is only required to pay a little amount of money to join a network, while some networks require annual fees CITATION Hun11 l 1033 (Hunter, 2011). Additionally, one may be required to obtain the product in advance so that it can be delivered to the customers as the sales are made. All in all, the total amount of money required to run a profitable network is far less than what is required when one is a franchise.ReferencesBIBLIOGRAPHY Frazer, L., Merrilees, B., & Wright, O. (2012). Power and control in the franchise network An probe of ex-franchisees and brand piracy. Journal of Marketing Management, 11-29.Hunter, R. (2011). MASTER FRANCHISING AS AN ENTRY STRATEGY MARKETING AND LEGAL IMPLICATIONS. The Coastal Business Journal, 16-27.Source document

Alcohol Abuse is dangerous for Everybody Essay

It is well seen that alcohol scream turns into a serious problem in our society because of several facts. More and more mass, especially newfangled pot, draw a lot of alcohol as a result, they dont know when they have to stop and the alcohol use turns into an alcohol annoyance. The question, which I ask myself, is How is it possible that alcohol turns into a serious problem in our generation and which are the flash points? First of all, in every country are different age limits when people are allowed to consume alcohol.Some countries allow tipsinessing beer and wine at the age of sixteen and all other alcohol-dependent beverages at the age of eighteen. As an example in Switzerland, where I come from, the law allows us to start drinking at the mentioned ages. So Swiss people learn to deal with alcohol, everywhere in life, at a young age. Also, we are allowed to drink, so we get to know our limits faster. As you can see thither is no allure to do something illegal by drinki ng alcohol with sixteen because it is allowed. In this air, we dont drink to be cool it is practiced all the time a part of parties, nice dinners or other special times in our life.Of course everybody has a story when we didnt know when we had to stop drinking, but that happens to everybody and is a part of the process in learning to deal with alcohol in life. Even if we know it, we do sometimes abuse alcohol. Whereas, in the United States of America you arent allowed to drink alcohol till you are twenty-one. The law allows you to exact a car with sixteen, but not to drink alcohol. What I see all the time here is that people under twenty-one uses every chance to drink alcohol. If there is alcohol at a party, they use the chance and drink as oftentimes as they can in a very short amount of time.Just because they can drink alcohol illegal and this seems to be very exciting young people do it. At first they feel still okay, maybe a brusk bit dizzy, but after a certain time, they a re completely passed out. As you can see most of them have no idea which cause alcohol have and full drink without thinking about it. Finally, they often exceed their own limits without knowing it. But because theyve never learned to deal with alcohol, Americans do a lot of not willing alcohol abuse. This alcohol abuse can cause different bad effects in our lives. As a beginning, more and more people drink too much alcohol and then drive in their cars.People have accidents on the road caused by drink and drive. It is not familiar to everyone that a lot of people die in car accidents. It can be a friend, a family appendage or just a stranger, but it doesnt matter who died, it just matters that you took the life of somebody. other effect is that you may have sot so much that you have to go to the hospital and they will pumping-out your stomach. And this is in no way healthy for your body People can get angry and aggressive if they had drunk to much alcohol. As a result, they start to fight with no reason or get mad at others just because they feel another way when they drunk too much.Also, you can get in big trouble with the police after all these effects, which doesnt look nice in your report. Another thing is you have to keep in mind that you dont just endanger yourself, you endanger all people well-nigh you too. Even if you drive drunk or if you turn to another personality, when you get drunk, you may disarrange others and get them in trouble. Maybe you have to think about the people around you too. For example, if you are passed out, there are always people who care about you, so they will take care of you in such situations.And to disarrange people isnt always what you want and you will regret it for sure the next day. As a conclusion, everybody in our society knows that alcohol is no longer just something to drink, which all of us enjoy because of a nice occasion. Alcohol gets more and more really dangerous for our society. However, some people do alco hol abuse and at the moment they do it, they never think about the consequences in their life caused by this abuse. But there are really bad consequences and they are not good for everyone. Our society has to think about this problem and try to do something against it, avoid it

Computer System Unit 2 – M1

features and functions of different operating(a) systems In this idea I will briefly explain about the features and functions of different operating systems. I have chosen to compargon windows 7 mackintosh OS. Windows 7 Windows 7 Microsoft Windows is close commonly dod in operating system. Recently the latest version of Windows is released as Windows 8 and its commercially available straight off. There are different editions of Windows 7 available to suit your needs such as (Home Premium, Enterprise, Ultimate, Professional, Starter, and Home Basic).Windows 7 has a reasonable price as $576 and it costs less then Mac OS. Its compatible on most computer system with minimum hardware requirements of 1 GHz processor and 1 GB RAM. The use interference of Windows 7 is called Windows aero and its very clear to use. Its a WIMP (Windows, Icons, Menu, and Pointing Device) environment. It comes with some effective pre- cut ined application and multiple free software trials. It also comes with free antivirus software called Microsoft Essentials.Windows 7 also offers a large help and actualise for the substance abusers by having Windows Action Center. Also its very customizable by the users with the start out of themes, wallpapers, Styles and Gadgets. Also it has the task bar where you can pin your favorite applications. Its very easy to install new devices in the Windows 7. Windows will automatically install the drivers for some software and you can start development the device instantly without having to installing the drivers. However for some devices you need to install the drivers manually.But its very easy to install the drivers manually in windows. File do byment of the windows 7 has improved than the previous versions and its now very easier to access the files and manage the folders. File management system of windows 7 is very certain. Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is the operating system developed by Apple. It also has different versions available to the users. Mac OS has the simple user interface for ease of access. The graphics interface of a Mac is called Aqua. It comes with some useful software.Mac OS are designed to be a more lord system, to be used by large businesses who work with computers. However its expensive to purchase than windows 7. Mac OS is also customizable with the use of wallpapers, Menu Bar and the Dock. Mac OS has many unique functions of user interfaces. File management of the Mac OS is very easy. It has the Finder search bar to organize and manage files. You can View the files in a variety of ways. Also it automatically sorts the files by name, date, or in ascending or descending order.Its easy to find files using features like Spotlight and rapidly Look make finding the file youre looking for effortless. Mac OS comes with good software such as Mail, Calendar, Safari web browser, Preview PDF and image viewer, iTunes, iPhoto, iMovie and Garage Band. Its very reliable because it has more security than windows. To conclude I would prefer Windows 7 rather than Mac OS because windows is more user friendly and it costs less than Mac OS. Also it the file management and the customer support are better with windows.

Environmental Management System Audit

An Audit is not the same as an Inventory Many people give notice confuse an canvass with an inventory. The one vital difference between the inventory and an audit is that the inventory is concerned only with the environment, whereas an audit concerns the relationship of a community. The main blueprint of the inventory is to collect environmental facts. (Newman et al. , 1997). An audit relates those facts to a particular proposition community. This concern for compliance with standard rules and requirements is likewise relevant to environmental audits, but normally will not dominate the audit, as it does a pecuniary audit.The environment cannot be reduced to a set of rules, such as those that control the preparation of pecuniary statements. The report on an environmental audit will be lengthy rather than brief, and its findings will be to be in the form of comments, recommendations and suggestions. This means that there is scope for disagreement or different interpretations. An audit also considers how the past has led to the present situation, but it is more concerned with the overall picture than with specific problems. (Newman et al. 1996)An audit Summary Places the emphasis on interpretation rather than on data collection Emphasizes the overall view rather than specific investigation of individual problems. Is an activity commissioned by and used by a First Nation, not something carried out by or for another body. Assists the identification of goals and priorities, rather than beingness a response to problems or opportunities.Definitions environmental perplexity transcription The organizational structure, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes, and resources for implementing and maintaining environmental counsel. Graff, 1997) Environmental Management System Audit A program and procedure that determines whether the environmental management system conforms to the organizations planned arrangements and whether it has been right implemen ted and maintained. (Newman et al. , 1997).It contributes to managements purpose of the continuing capability of the environmental management system. Environmental Management System critique A formal evaluation by senior management of the status and capability of the environmental management system in relation to environmental policy and new objectives resulting from changing circumstances.Environmental Management System The International Organization for Standardization defines an EMS (Environmental Management System) as the organizational structure, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for implementing and maintaining environmental management. (1995, p. 6) In simplified terms, an EMS continually provides an organization with an accurate seeing of the impacts its activities are having on the environment, as well as useful estimates of probable impacts.A critical element of an EMS is the requirement for management to demonstrate a commitment to continua l usefulness by periodically auditing, reviewing and revising its EMS. (Graff, 1997) As evidenced by the word system, an EMS suggests a continuous motorbike. This cycle begins with the design of an environmental policy. The policy mustiness then be operationalized and implemented throughout the organization. The company must declare its environmental objectives, and identify those, which will have the greatest environmental impact. These objectives become the primary areas of affection within the companys environmental programs.The environmental programs are essentially the blueprint the organization follows to achieve specific objectives and targets on the route to achieving the overall environmental policy. The EMS establishes procedures work instructions and controls to ensure that implementation of the policy and achievement of the targets can become a reality. (The International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Communication is vital. It enables people within the or ganization to understand their responsibilities, and to have an appreciation for the environmental objectives of the organization.With this information, they are better able to contribute to the success of the EMS. Conclusion Environmental management aims to make responsible use of natural, economic and human resources in ways that protect and correct the environment. It seeks to protect valued ecological assets, manage local areas in the most appropriate way and advance the relationship between people and the natural environment. (Turner et al. , 1993). Today environmental management aims to secure the important principles of sustainable development which seeks to put in place stewardship of the environment for this and future generations.

Internal policies and procedures Essay

Technology is a significant facet of dominion operations. Technology affects performance through alter the citizens to access as well as analyze information, resolve problems, work in partnership with others, and successfully communicate their thoughts and information. People make character of technology as an instrument to support in administrative duties. Technology in information systems is directed to provide appropriate information to efficiently manage the districts assets and make knowledgeable decisions.Only copyrighted materials be put through restrictions within a Policy Statement. Materials that are not copyrighted may be copied unreservedly and without limit. Copyrighted parcel and patent hardware may be copied devoid of copyright owners consent only in proportion to the Copyright Act that permits making an archival back-up duplicate. However, most parcel is licensed to a user and the terms of a license concordance may provide the user consent to create copies o f the software beyond the archival copy allowed by the Copyright Act.Software license agreements and patented hardware are unique and consequently, the rights of the user to copy licensed software further than that endorsed under the Copyright Act may simply be verified by means of reading the users license agreement (Wesier, 77). Any reproduction or copying of copyrighted software on a system or constituent computing equipment must be in line with the Copyright Act and the associate software license conformity.Educational institutions may not utilize unauthorized copies of software on system or component institution-owned networks or computers housed in a system or component institution facilities. In estimate of the fact that software companies are worried by the soaring rate of plagiarism and piracy of their programs, studies for verisimilar violations can be anticipated. While software corporations may not possibly find it lucrative to shoot down suit against an individual f or violation, it definitely would not be reserved from filing suit against Universities.Additionally, companies may need to convey suits against wad to put off future impending pirates. Software companies could also proscribe Universitys use of their software packages. Consequently, University employees who make use of these software materials have a responsibility to avert use of copyrighted materials and to utilize the software barely in accordance with licensing agreements.EVALUATION OF CURRENT POLICIES AND PROCEDURES OF ALACHUA COUNTYThe Alachua County has cost-efficiently purchased new technology, maintains a reliable technology infrastructure given gettable resources, have instituted policies and moral standards for using technology, and has good controls to underwrite appropriate access and make use of the districts information systems. In 2001, the districts technology departments were pooled into one inclusive department Administrative and Instructional Technology Depar tment. The amalgamation took place when the directors understand that both departments had overlying duties as well as consolidation into one department would augment general effectiveness.To utilize the remaining best practice principles and guarantee the performance, competence, and efficacy of its softwares and hardwares, the district have to regularly overhaul and monitor its technology arrangement, make the training processes official related to technology, regulate budget allowances within obtainable funding, utilize the work order structure to develop the delivery of support, develop the use of technology to circulate communications, and institute executions for analyzing technology services and purchases.Along with the districts District Technology Plan (2001-2006), the Alachua County shortly make use of computers for instruction in general areas schools curriculum support, technology literacy, as well as communication. All districts have computer committees that provid e steering for the function of technology within the instructional procedure and the acquisition of hardware/software. Every district selects and purchases its computer software in accordance with its needs.The constituency sets common direction and provides supervision to guarantee the quality and compatibility of instructional materials. The Technology and Information Services Department supervises technology in Alachua County schools, counting central processing unit and support of services, finance, human resources, and facilities functions. In that structure, the department addresses all issues related to both instructional and technology administrative, as well as the local area networks at individually school and district.The staffs support other areas of technology at schools and districts, and assists in using technology. However, the countys technology program does not provide sufficient direction for instructional and administrative technology decision-making. Planning is the means to a well-delivered and well-implemented information system. Efficient preparation helps guarantee that district information system meets the instructional needs of the people and the administrative needs of decision makers, including schools, hospitals and other organizations and agencies.An effectual planning procedure identifies the technology necessities of users, develops strategies to obtain inevitable technology in a lucrative manner, and identifies accessible funds required for acquisitions. To ensure that all particular needs are identified, the planning process should comprise an extensive range of stakeholder participation. The decisions made throughout the planning process must be in writing and the resulting plan has to guide technology-related policymaking as well as acquisitions.

Chiang Rai Thailand Health And Social Care Essay

This is a quantitative inquiry review on a look back conducted in 2008 in the northern adduce of Chiang Rai, Thailand. The postdate investigates the causal relationships between age, antiretroviral interjection, social support, symbol experience, self-cargon schemes, and health-related feeling of flavour ( HRQOL ) in plenty populating with human immuno lack virus/ support ( PLWHA ) in the northern part of the said state. four hundred 22 topics were selected to take part in the query and from them studys were collected with the utilization of four incompatible questionnaires. The topics revealed that symptom experience had a important blackb alone direct consequence on the HRQOL as fence to age, social support, antiretroviral encumbrance and self-c atomic number 18 schemes which had important positive consequence on the HRQOL. Further much, it was seen that societal support and antiretroviral intervention had an substantiative consequence on the HRQOL done self-c argon schemes. With these findings, it was recommended that promotional material of societal support and attachment to antiretroviral intervention must be achieved to heighten the quality of bearing of volume populating with HIV/ support.The rubric is dryly stated which take ond a minimum figure of words but gloss over adequately describes the contents of the paper ( Day & A Gastal, 2006 ) . It is concise yet does non compromise its relevancy and does non big(p) uninteresting. It is briefly put together but still is moderately extended to explicate the interrogation with kayoed overpowering readers with excessively much tuition. Furthermore, the rubric is formulated in a strong and simple mode which is re every last(predicate)y of import in guaranting readers will non be distrait or conf employ. The rubric presents the topic of the look for which is the health-related quality of life in people populating with HIV/ AIDS in the northern part of Thailand.The investigate w orkers of this regard are Thitiarpa Tangkawanich, Jintana Yunibhand, Sureeporn Thanasilp, and Kathy Magilvy. Thitiarpa Tangkawanich, RN, Msc, Jintana Yunibhand, RN, Msc, PhD, and Sureeporn Thanasilp, RN, Msc, DNS are members of the Faculty of Nursing in Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand while Kathy Magilvy, RN, PhD, FAAN is a professor of the College of Nursing of the University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA. With all these academic certificates and makings, the research workers can be considered presumptive personalities in their several Fieldss of fortes. The research was do by well-thought-of professors and registered nurses. All of them have maestro s grade while Tangkawanich is the lone one without a doctorial grade.The article uses an declarative or descriptive surcharge to supply a brief sum-up of the chief points of the research ( Day & A Gastal, 2006 ) . Since the research surveies a societal occurrence in a quantitative assault, the research workers apply this take of abstract as it describes what transpired during the full research procedure. The abstract references the condensed signifier of the research purpose, which is to happen out the causal relationships between age, antiretroviral intervention, societal support, symptom experience, self-care schemes and health-related quality of life. The regularityological analysis used in carry oning the research is mentioned although some information was excluded as they were discussed in item in the succeeding parts of the research. Four different questionnaires were used to whorl up informations from the 422 respondents chosen for the check up on. Using the Likert evaluation graduated t subject, the informations were analyzed and were so subjected to statistical intervention with SPSS and LISREL. The abstract besides reports the major findings ( Day & A Gastal, 2006 ) which put down that symptom experience has a important negative consequence on the HRQOL while the other sta ying vari equals had a important positive consequence. Additionally, societal support and antiretroviral intervention were besides found to hold an indirect consequence on HRQOL via self-care schemes. Last, the abstract of the survey suggests a testimony for the health-care squad, together with the household and community, to advance societal support and guarantee antiretroviral intervention to heighten the quality of life in people populating with HIV/ AIDS sing the research findings. It besides illustrates the survey s importation to clinical convening.The research job is clearly presented in the debut of the article as it explains the principle shag the behavior of this survey ( Walsh & A Wigens, 2007 ) . The purpose in this survey is to look into the causal relationships between age, antiretroviral intervention, societal support, symptom experience, self-care schemes and the HRQOL in people populating with HIV/AIDS in northern Thailand. It examines whether or non relationsh ips between these factors exist, what sort of relationships exists if on that point are any and how does it implicate the people with the infection and the likely intercessions to be taken by wellness attention squad every bit good. The debut was besides able to give a state of affairs about how people with HIV/AIDS in the involved survey puting perish their lives. It gave a brief treatment about HIV/AIDS which significantly provides a good jump in explicating the entireness of the research. The debut states the scarceness in research stuff that focal point on the relationships among the variables identified, HRQOL and PLWHA, deposit uping the demand for the survey to be conducted. Although the debut was able to discourse the major points and variables in the survey, it did non include the restrictions. Additionally, the debut besides did non explicate the chief subject from a bigger international range to a narrow and more specific degree ( Day & A Gastal, 2006 ) . In amount, the debut was able to set up a clear logic, an analysis of old plants, background information and the chief intent of the research ( Walsh & A Wigens, 2003 ) .The broad literary productions reappraisal used in the research was able to give a good background about the major points in the survey. However, umpteen other stuffs still could hold been used to further beef up the survey s literature reappraisal. It is notable that the survey is supported by up to day of the month information which makes it more timely and relevant. The literature reappraisal utilized articles from many other research workers whose research end products have greatly provided helpful informations to the survey. The description of the present life conditions of the respondents ( Sukati et al. , 2005 ) , the self-care schemes that they use ( Panuwatsuk, 1998 ) , the symptoms and their correlativity to HRQOL ( Dodd et al. 2001 ) , the current antiretroviral intervention ( Heckman 2003 ) , all these and other s, were taken from researches conducted from twelvemonth 2000 through 2007. The literature is able to show in text the theoretical construction from which the survey was anchored. With the sum of referenced articles presented in the literature, the equilibrate rating of back uping and opposing stuffs for the proposition is demonstrated. Since barely few researches surveies were make sing the indirect consequence of the many factors identified on the HRQOL in PLWHA, the necessity to develop a theoretical account that could show the direct and indirect effects of the forecasters on the HRQOL in PLWHA has clearly risen as stated in the literature reappraisal. Furthermore, of import mentions were acknowledged consequently to further reenforce the soundness of the survey. Notwith posting, it may hold abandoned an extended overview on the survey, but still it was non able to show a few important points. Although the literature illustrated a comprehensive background on the survey and th e variables involved, it did non overtly cite the cardinal theoretical model.The survey is a quantitative research which tries to explicate a societal phenomenon. This connotes that no change of the environment was made and the respondents were non subjected to any signifier of controlled scene, therefore, variables involved are limited. Since this is a quantitative research, it must hold a sound hypothesis which will function as its anchor. But it is non stated alternatively, an implied hypothesis was used to see whether or non relationships exist among the forecasters age, antiretroviral intervention, societal support, self-care schemes and symptom experience on wellness -related quality of life in people populating with HIV/AIDS. This is an illustration of a non-directional hypothesis ( Wood & A Haber, 2006 ) , where the hypothesis being tested is correctable but can be tested by geting informations and subjecting them to statistical analysis.The research workers used words tha t are largely clear and apprehensible. They did non utilize excessively many slangs in the he-man. Abbreviations like HRQOL, PLWHA and HIV/AIDS are besides clearly defined to avoid confusion. Footings besides have consistent and consistent definitions throughout the survey, in particular those operationally defined for this research ( Walonick, 2005 ) .The survey uses a cross-sectional quantitative survey with a non-experimental research design in placing the respondents degree of HRQOL in relation to their age, antiretroviral intervention, societal support, symptom experience, and self-care schemes. It means that an experimental survey utilizing a aggregation of informations on one juncture was made with a specific group of cosmos all at the same clipping ( Walsh & A Wigens, 2003 ) . It is the appropriate method to be used as it gives a snapshot of what happens in a chosen mark group or a phenomenon at one point in clip ( Babbie, 2010 ) . It is besides fit for this research as it is ordinarily used in societal and medical scientific discipline. However, it besides has its failing or restriction since it merely captures the information at one specific clip as opposed to longitudinal surveies which involve a serial publication of measurings taken over a period of clip ( Babbie, 2010 ) . Bing a non-experimental research, no use of the variables was done and there was no effort made to alter the status, behavior or the environment of the variables as they are heedful and analysed as they are. The respondents were merely made to reply questionnaires that will reflect their ain personal experience and at the same clip supply informations for the research worker s perusing.The topics chosen for the survey are 422 people populating with HIV/AIDS who visited eight chosen outpatient infirmaries in the state of Chiang Rai in the northern portion of Thailand. Of which, 188 are males and 234 are females, with ages runing from 21 to 51 old ages old. The figure of res pondents may non be sufficient to wholly stand for the mark population in the research puting but in many fortunes, a smaller precedent size may be more important and useable in look intoing a state of affairs in deepness from different positions, while a big sample would be insignificant particularly in societal researches ( Myers, 2000 ) .The research workers employed the lottery method without replacing in promiscuously choosing eight infirmaries out of the 17 infirmaries in the northern state of Chiang Rai, Thailand. A random sampling method was so made to find the 422 topics who will be portion of the survey. They are people populating with HIV/ AIDS who visited the eight chosen outpatient infirmaries. The usage of lottery method in concurrence with simple random trying makes the choice of respondents more effectual and valid as it ignores repeat choices of component and gives more precise calculators ( Kalton, 1983 ) . Clearly, the attack used in sample choice and the samp le size are doubtless stated.The research workers were able to methodically discourse the process undertaken in informations aggregation. They used four questionnaires to garner informations from the participants societal support questionnaires, symptom experience questionnaire, self-care schemes questionnaire and health-related quality of life questionnaires. Each of these questionnaires has been carefully chosen and drafted for the survey. The three questionnaires for societal support, self-care schemes and health-related quality were all adapted from old research while the questionnaire for symptom experience was drafted establishing on the reappraisal of literature. The cogency and reliableness of the questionnaires were greatly anchored on the internal consistences used for each questionnaire. The questionnaires are meticulously reviewed by the research worker to guarantee its ability to mensurate what it intends to mensurate ( Foddy, 1993 ) . However, no reference about pilot testing was made and this may be considered one of the survey s failings.Creswell ( 2003 ) stated that ethical issues arise most normally in informations aggregation where confidentiality and namelessness are in careful examination. These concerns are recognised and acted upon by the research workers by guaranting respondents were given due protection and their safety is non abridged. The research workers acquired the blessing of the Ethical polish commission for Research Involving Human Subjects and/or Use of Animals in Research, Health Science Group of Faculties, Colleges and Institutes, Chulalongkorn University, and the Ethical Review Committee for the Biomedical Group, Chiangraiprachanukroh Hospital, Thailand. With human topics involved in the survey, such blessing was obtained. The intent and methods of the survey were explained to the participants through the informed consent which acknowledges the participants rights are protected ( Creswell, 2003 ) .The consequences of th e survey were presented clearly in graphical signifier and text. The consequences of the statistical intervention of the informations were explained in four concise yet extremely enlightening paragraphs while the demographics of the topics were presented in a more ocular and apprehensible tabular array ( Kumar, 2005 ) . The internal consistences of the informations, utilizing the Cronbach s alpha were besides presented accurately, for societal support 0.8, for symptom experience which was clustered into six symptoms, weariness 0.88, nausea 0.92, diarrhea 0.93, depression 0.92, neuro mannery 0.93 and unease 0.92 for self-care schemes 0.77 and eventually for HRQOL 0.85. Given all these figures, readers are assured that the consequences are good calculated and analysed to guarantee that amply degree of cogency and dependability is achieved.Four different and highly-structured questionnaires ( Overseas Learning Faculty 2004 ) were used in roll uping informations. The usage of questio nnaires is the appropriate technique in obtaining informations for cross-sectional designed research or societal studies as it acquires first-hand information from the topics without change or use of their responses ( Bryman & A Bell, 2003 ) . On the other manus, SPSS and LISREL, statistical cypher machine plans that perform higher computations and structural equation, were used for statistical analysis. Statistical interventions done with the said statistical tool are considered extremely right ( Norse School of Management, 2009 ) . The consequences of the information analysis show that path relationships between the variables were investigated to guarantee that important differences are non attributed to fluctuations in other relevant variables. It can besides be noted that the information analysis adequately showed the complete information with the trial value, grade of freedom and incident for each identified variable, thereby giving more constituted consequences.The treatmen t of the research findings ties together all the pieces of the survey and gives a image of the survey as a whole. It relates and translates the figures to literature reappraisal therefore doing it more comprehendible and balanced ( Russel, 2002 ) . The research workers were able to travel back to literature and discourse that most of their research findings are consistent and similar with the plants antecedently done by other research workers on HRQOL in PLWHA. It besides tackled the deductions of the topics socio-economic position, gender, age, societal support, antiretroviral intervention, and symptom experience and self-care schemes to their health-related quality of life. The restriction of the survey was besides acknowledged where the usage of cross-sectional theoretical account was perceived to be the theoretical account s failing since it merely gives a snapshot of the existent discernible fact at one point in clip ( Wood & A Haber, 2006 ) . Therefore, it was suggested that future surveies should be conducted to further set up the causal relationships between the variables longways over a longer period of clip to get enduring and more dependable research consequences.The decision coheres with and is supported by the consequences obtained. The research workers conclude that a causal theoretical account of HRQOL in PLWHA indicate that most factors have direct and indirect effects on the HRQOL. Consequently, age, societal support, antiretroviral intervention, symptom experience, and self-care schemes are considered to be important factors in explicating and foretelling the HRQOL in Thai PLWHA. Furthermore, self-care schemes link societal support and antiretroviral intervention with HRQOL in Thai PLWHA. The research workers besides presented the deductions of the survey which are really instrumental in the survey s concluding recommendations.With the findings and decisions at manus, the research workers strongly recommend executable propositions to assis t people populating with HIV/AIDS achieve a higher quality of life as they hurdle challenges of huge proportions, including HIV-stigma, deficiency of societal support, and mental wellness issues such as depression ( Jiraphongsa et al. , 2009 ) . The research workers gave motive on the publicity of societal support from the household and the community as it was found to be positively correlated with a better quality of life ( Fogel, 1998 ) . Observation to antiretroviral intervention, early symptom sensing and prompt intercession and pattern of self-care schemes must besides be ensured to accomplish a higher quality of life. The research workers besides pointed out the demand to carry on future research on this subject to get the better of the restrictions they met in carry oning this academic work for stronger and more dependable consequences.( 2,770 words )